We develop a stochastic dynamic model to assess the effects of species richness within a trophic level or functional group on the expected temporal mean and variance of ecosystem productivity based on individual species’ productivity responses to environmental fluctuations. The model consists of the following three elements.
Replicate Ecosystems.
A set of replicate ecosystems is constructed at each level of species richness by random sampling from a species pool. This procedure corresponds to recent experimental protocols, which is necessary to separate the effects of diversity on ecosystem functioning from combinatorial effects because of species identity
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